Ratchet-drill.



J. M. REAMS.

RATGHBT DRILL.

PPLIoATIoN FILED rmmv, 1909.

Patenmd Aug. 9, 1910.

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APPLICATION FILED IEB.17, 1909.

Patented' Aug. 9, 1910.

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A rTonNErs JOSEPH M. REAMS', OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

RATCHET-DRILL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Auf. e, 1910.

Application filed February 17, 1909. Serial No. 478,415.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it knownthat I, JOSEPH M. RnAMs, of the borough of Manhattan, in thecity, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Ratchet-Drills, of which the following is a full,clear, and exact specification, such as will enable others skilled inthe art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates particularly to a ratchet drill device by means ofwhich the drill may be rotated in positions not readily accessible, thedrill being inserted in the drilling head or socket and turned with astep by step motion while the drill is advanced by means of a feed-screwwhich is rested against a ixed support.

This application is, in part, a continuation of my application filedSeptember 27, 1907, Serial No. 394,795.

The object of my invention is to secure improvement in the devicesheretofore devised for this purpose, and to provide a compact tool witha maximum feed capacity,

which will be simple and inexpensive, strong and durable.

Notwithstanding the compactness of my tool, the drill can be driven acomparatively long distance without readjustment of the backing againstwhich the thrust of the drill is exerted. .4 The invention involvesother features of importance all of which will be fully set forthhereinafter and particularly pointed out in the drawings.

Reference is had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1, is aplan view of the device with the ratchet wrench in position; Fig. 2 is avertical section; Fig. 8 is a bottom plan view of the feed nut, showingthe feedscrew therein; Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3;Fig. 5 is a plan view of the body showing, among other things, the drillsocket, and the recesses for the feed-screw; Fig. 6, is a side elevationof the body. Fig. 7, is a perspective view of parts contained within thefeed-nut, a ring having lugs to engage the wings on the body of thedrill socket as well as the lingers of the feedscrew, a split ring tohold the parts within the feed-nut, and a ring having a bend in itscircumference providing it with spring action, to keep the firstmentioned ring in position; Fig. 8, is a side view of portions of thebody and feed-screw, the fingers of the feed-screw (two of which areshort) being superposed on the wings of the body, two of said wings alsobeing short. Fig. 9, is a section on the lines 9-9 of Fig. 3.

* The body has a portion 11 of hexagonal or other angular or non-angularsectional form (seel Figs. 2 and 6), designed to be received by the headof the ratchet wrench or other instrument for rotating the drill. Aratchet wrench for this purpose is indicated at 12 in Fig. 1,- and maybe of any desired form of construction. It may be, for example,fasillustrated in the drawings herein, the type of ratchet wrench shown inmy patent of July 14, 1908, No. 893,097.

The body 10 has a flange 14 to engage the head of the wrench and asocket as at 15, to receive the drill 15 or other tool. The body alsohas a plurality of longitudinal recesses 16, which in the drawings arethree in number. These passages receive the fingers 17 of the dividedfeed-screw 18 permitting the fingers to slide freely through them. Thehead of the feed-screw 18 extends along the outer surface of the fingers17, and the end of the body 10 opposite the flange 14 is reduced as at10', so as to leave the threads of the lingers exposed when the latterare inserted into the body.

The outer vend of the feed-screw has a center point 19, which maybe ofany desired construction. The nut 19l is interiorly threaded'to engagethe feed-screw. The nut is also provided with three interlockingmembers, consisting of a bearing ring 20, split ring 22 and spring ring23. The bearing ring 20 has inwardly extending lugs 21 to engagecorresponding wings 21 on the body 10, and which are intended to holdthe feed-nutrotatably to the body. These lugs 21 when engaged by thefingers' of the feedscrew also prevent the ring 20 from rotating withthe feed-nut. In a recess in the feednut 19 is the split ring 22 to keepthe parts in position and to lock with the twov other rings, whenrequired, as hereinafter explained. Between the split ring 22 and thebearing ring 2O is the spring ring 23, having a bend in itscircumference, as shown in perspective in Fig. 4 which serves as aspring to press the bearing-ringV 20 away from the split-ring 22, thusholding the ring 2O in such position that its lugs may bear upon thewings 21. The spring-ring 23 is provided with a pin 24 which fitsloosely into a corresponding hole 26 in bearing-ring 20, so that thesetwo rings will normally rotate together when the body 10 is rotated bythe actuating tool. On the inner-face of the nut 19 which is the bearingfor the bearing-w ring 2O is a hole 26 corresponding to the hole 26 inthe bearing-ring; and when lateral pressure is applied inwardly to thespring ring 23, the pin 24 will be forced through the hole 26 into thehole 26 in the feed-nut, and when so held the rings 23 and 2O will beheld against rotation relatively to the feed-nut. The ring 23 also haslips 25 which t into corresponding recesses 25 in the shoulder portion10a. When the body 10 is to be operatively connected to the other parts,the wings 21 are placed between the lugs 21 of the ring 20, the lips 25being in contact with the outer face of the shouldered portion 10".Pressure being applied, the body is given a partial turn, turningtherewith the rings 20 and 23 until the pin 24 in hole k26 coincideswith hole, 26 in the nut, into which latter hole the pin 24 then enters.The rings 20 and 23 being thus temporarily held against rotary movementto the feednut, the body is furtherV turned independently of the rings20 and 23, until the wings 21v are completely behind the lugs 21, whenthe ears 25 of the ring 23 coincide with the recesses 25 of the body 10and immediately spring intol place therein, automatically withdrawingthe pin 25 from the hole in the feed-nut and holding the bearing-ring20- and spring ring 23 in proper position relatively to the body so thatthe forks of the feed-screw may enter between the wings 21 and the lugs21 of the bearing-ring 20. Thus the two rings 20 and 23 are locked toVthe body, so as to rotate therewith, and have a free and independentmovement with respect to the rotation of the feed-nut.

The split ring 22 is provided with a groove on its under side as at 22,into which the short pin or knob 22a may be formed by pressure appliedon the parts (as when the nut is forced away from the body), and saidpin or knob 22a will travel idly in said groove until it strikes the endof said groove 22, as at 22", thereby preventing the rings 23 and 20from rotating further in that direction, vand thus permitting the wings21 Vof the body 10 Vto be removed from behind the lugs 21 of the ring2() after the fingers 17 of the feed-screw 18 have been withdrawntherefrom. Ordinarily, the mere 'friction in the parts against the turnof the body, after the lips 25 of the spring ring 23 have been withdrawnfrom recesses 25, will enable the operator to withdraw the wings 21 frombehind the lugs 21 of the ring 20. The stop provided by the knob 22astriking at 22h, is an additional means Vfor separating the parts in thecontingency of their sticking.

It is obvious that if the ngersof the feedscrew were of equal length,and the wings 21 also of equal length the feed-screw might be soextended when the device is working against a fixed support that thefingers would emerge from the recesses 16 and become fast on the wings21 in the position shown in Fig. 8, from which position it would bedifficult to move them, without taking out the backing or fixed support.To obviate such difficulty, I have provided the feed-screw with twoshort lingers and one long finger, and the body with two short wings andone long wing, as best shown in Fig. 8, so that when the fingers of thefeedscrew emerge from the recesses 16 of the body, the feed-screw ceasesto rotate until the long finger comes around and contacts with the longwing. Thisaction serves as a warning that the feed-screw has been eX-tended to its maximum capacity, and that further extension of the screwmay lodge the long finger on the long wing. If the rotation of thefeed-nut be reversed, however, lthe longY finger will thereupon strikethe long wing, thus holding the fingers over the recesses 16 of thebody, into which they will return on further rotation of the feed-nut VVratchet-wrench. Assuming the feed-nut to be in placeupon thefeed-screw, the fingers of the latter are withdrawn interiorly so as notyto interfere with Lthe wings 21 of the body, which are then insertedbetween and then back of lugs 21 of the ring 20 as heretofore described.The feed-nut becomes rotatably locked to the body in this positionbecause ofthe lips 25 of the spring ring 23 slipping into the recesses25 of the body. The tool is then contracted by rotating the feed-screwuntil its long finger 17a contacts with the long wing 21 when the forksof the feed-screw will be in position to enter the spaces between thelugs 21 of the ring 20 and the recesses 16 of the body 10. When the longfinger 1"?a contacts with the long izoV wing 21 the contractioncontinues without while the nut is held against rotation. When the toolis contracted until the point 19 is close to the nut 19', the drill 15may be inserted into the socket 15; the center point 19 is placedagainst a backing or fixed support and the drill is rotated in thedirection to extend the screw, being fed to its work by a back and forthmotion of the wrench, thus imparting to the drill a step by step motion,the feed being continued by the operator holding the nut stationary. Themaximum extension of the screw will be indicated to the operator by thescrew ceasing to rotate when the two short fingers of the screw emergefrom the recesses of the body; and further rotation of the body portionof thetool will not cause renewed rotation of the screw unt-il the longwing 21 comes around and contacts with the long finger 17 a of thescrew. By reversing the movement of the tool, the long wing 21 strikesthe long finger 17a on the opposite side and guides it and the otherfingers into their respective recesses.

I-Iaving described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In a ratchet drill, the combination of a furcated feed-screw, a bodyadapted to engage the drill and having slideways to receive the forks ofthe feed-screw and rotatable therewith, and a feed-nut in threadedengagement with the screw and having a thrust connection with the body;

2. In a ratchet drill, the combination of a furcated feed-screw, a bodyadapted to engage the drill and having slideways to receive the forks ofthe feed-screw and rotatable therewith, a feed-nut in threadedengagement with the screw, and means for releasably holding saidfeed-nut rotatably to said body.

3. The combination of a furcated feedscrew, a body adapted to engage aydrill and .having slideways to receive the forks of the feed-screw androtatable therewith, a feednut in threaded engagement with the screw,means for releasably holding said feed-nut rotatably to said body, andmeans for rotating said body.

4. A ratchet-drill having a body to engage the drill and provided withlongitudinal recesses, a feed-screw divided to fit into and slide in therecesses in said body and rotatable therewith, and a feed-nut havingthreaded engagement with said feed-screw and having a thrust connectionwith said body.

5. The combination of a body adapted to engage a drill, a feed-screwslidable with respect to said body, a feed-nut to engage the feed-screwand having means to engage wings on the body to detachably and rotatablysecure the feed nut to the body.

6. The combination of a body to engage a drill, a feed-screw slidablewith respect to said body, a feed-nut to engage the feedscrew and havinga ring with lugs to engagel the body, and means lon the body forengaging the lugs on the ring in the feednut.

7. The combination of a body to engage a drill, a feed-screw slidablewith respect to said body, a feed-nut to engage the feedscrew and havinga ring with lugs to engage wings on the body of the drill socket.

8. The combination of a body adapted to engage a drill, a feed-screwslidable with respect to said body, a feed-nut to engage the feed-screwvand having a ring moving freely therein with lugs to engage the wings onthe body, and means for yieldingly pressing said ring inwardly into saidnut so that its lugs will bear upon said wings.

9. The combination of a body adapted to engage a drill, a feed-screwslidable with respect to said body, a feed-nut to engage the feed-screwand having a ring moving freely therein with lugs to engage wings onsaid body, means for yieldingly pressing said ring inwardly into saidnut so that its lugs will bear upon said wings and means for lockingsaid ring to said body so as to rotate therewith.

10. The combination of a. body adapted to engage a drill, a furcatedfeed-screw slidable with Arespect to said body, a feed-nut to engage thefeed-screw, and having a ring with lugs to engage wings on the body, oneof the wings on the body being higher than the other wings, and one ofthe forks of the feed-screw being longer than the other forks.

11. The combination of a body adapted to engage a drill, a furcatedfeed-screw slidable with respect to said body, a feed-nut to engage thefeed-screw and having a ring with lugs to engage wings on the body, oneof the wings of the body being higher' than the other wings, and one ofthe forks of the feed-screw being longer than the other forks, and meansfor yieldingly pressing said ring inwardly into the nut so that its lugswill bear against said wings.

12. The combination of a furcated feedscrew, a body adapted to engage adrill and having slideways to receive the forks of the feed-screw androtatable therewith, a feednut in threaded engagement with the feedscrew and having a thrust connection with the body, the body havingwings to engage the feed-nut, and the feed-nut having means to engagesaid wings.

13. The combination of a furcated feedscrew, a body adapted to engage adrill and having slideways to receive the forks of the feed-screw androtatable therewith, a feednut in threaded engagement with the feedscrewand -havin a thrust connection with the body, the bo y having wings toengage the feed-nut, one of said wings being higher than the otherwings, and one of the forks of the feed-screw being longer than theother forks.

14. The combination of a furcated feedscrew, a body adapted to engage adrill and having slideways to receive the forks-.of the feed-screw androtatable therewith, a feednut in threaded engagement with the feedscrewand having a thrust connection with the body, the body having wings toengage the feed-nut, one of said wings being higher than the otherwings, and one of the forks of the feed-screw being longer than theother forks, and means connected with the feed-nut for engaging thewings on the body.

15. The combination of a furcated feedscrew, a body adapted to engage adrill and having slideways to receive the forks of the feed-screw androtatable therewith, a feednut in threaded engagement with the feedscrewand having a thrust connection with the body, the body having Wings toengage the feed-nut andthe feed-nut having a ring moving freely thereinwith lugs to engage the wings on said body, means for yieldinglypressing said ring inwardly into said nut so that its lugs will bearupon said wings, and means for locking said ring to said body so as torotate therewith. f

16. The combination of a body adapted to engage a drill, a feed-screwslidable with respect to said body, a feed-nut to engage the feed-screwand having a ring with lugs to engage wings on the body, a second ringwith a bend in its circumference and having a spring action to keep thefirst mentioned ring in position with its lugs bearing upon said wings,and also having means for detachably connecting it to said iirstmentioned ring and making it rotatable therewith, and means for holdingsaidV rings in said feed-nut. l

17. The combination of a body to engage a drill, a feed-screw slidablewith respect to said body, a feed-nut to engage the feedscrew and havinga ring with lugs to engage wings on the body, a ring with a bend in itscircumference and having a spring action to keep the first mentionedring in position with its lugs bearing upon said wings and also havingmeans for detachably connecting it tothe first-mentioned ring and makingit rotatable therewith, means for confining said rings in said feed-nut,and locking devices for detachably holding said wings behind the lugsupon said first mentioned ring. v

18. The combination of a body adapted to engage a drill, a feed-screwslidable with respect to said body, a feed-nut to engage the feed-screwand having aring moving freely therein with lugs to engage wings Von thebody, ,means for yieldingly pressing said ring inwardly into said nut sothat its lugs will bear upon said wings, and means for releasing saidwings from said lugs.

19. The combination of a body adapted to engage a drill, a feed-screwslidable with respect to said body, a feed-nut to engage the feed-screwand having a ring moving freely therein with lugs to engage wings on thebody, a ring with a bend in its circumference and having a spring actionto yieldingly press the rst mentioned ring inwardly into said nut sothat its lugs will bear upon said wings, a vsplit ring to confine thetwo first-mentioned rings in the nut, and means for releasing said wingsfrom said lugs, comprising a shoulder 0n the under sideof the split ringand a projection on the upper side of the spring ring.

20. The combination of a body to engage a'drill, a feed-screw slidablewith respectto said'body, a feed-nut to engage the feed-l screw andhaving a ring with lugs moving freely in said nut to engage the body,means on the body for engaging the lugs on the ring in the feed-nut, andautomatic means for locking said ring to said nut to permit y theengagement of said lugs with said means on the body.

21. The combination of a-body to engage a drill, a feed-screw slidablewith respect to said body, a feed-nut to engage the feedscrew and havinga ring with lugs to engage wings on the body, and automatic means forlocking said ring to said nut to permit the engagement of said lugs withsaid wings.

22. The combination of a body adapted to engage a drill, a feed-screwslidable with respect to said body, a feed-nut to engage the feed-screwand having a ring moving freely therein with lugs to engage wings on thebody, means for yieldingly pressing said ring inwardly into said nut sothat the lugs will bear upon said wings, and automatic means for lockingsaid ring to said nut to engage the lugs of the ring with the wings ofthe body.

23. The combination of a body adapted to engage a drill, a feed-screwslidable with respect to said body, a feed-nut to engage a feed-screwand having a ring moving freely therein with lugs to engage wings on thebody, a spring-ring for pressing the first mentioned ring inwardly intosaid nut so that its lugs will bear upon said wings, a pin on saidspring ring arranged to pass through apertures in said ring with lugsand in the feed-nut, whereby said rings are connected to each other and,when pressure is applied laterally, said rings are held to said nutagainst rotation.

24. The combination of a body adapted to` body, a ring having a springaction to yieldprising a shoulder on the under side of the ingly pressthe irst mentioned ring inwardly split-ruig and a pro] eetion on theupper side 10 into said nut so that its 1u s Will bear upon of thespring-ring.

said Wings and having a pln releasably conneeting it to said firstmentioned ring, said JOSEPH M' REAMS' pin being adapted, on lateralpressure, to Witnesses: pass into an aperture in the nut, and meansLAURA E. SMITH, for releasing said Wings from sald lugs7 com- SARAHSEMLEAR.

